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September 12, 2025

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The first day of opening statements in Ryan Routh’s federal trial ended with Judge Aileen Cannon noting the case was ‘moving at a pretty fast clip,’ after a lengthy day of testimony that put the Secret Service agent who spotted Routh in the bushes, a civilian witness who chased him down, and FBI agents on the stand.

Routh is accused of attempting to assassinate President Donald Trump last year while he was golfing.

The morning began with Routh’s own rambling opening statement, which lasted just seven minutes before Cannon cut him off for going off-topic.

‘What is intent? … Why are we here? What is our intent? To love one another … Is this so difficult?’ Routh asked. He went on to reference Adolf Hitler, Vladimir Putin, Sudan’s civil war and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

‘We have limited patience, and you don’t have unlimited license to go forward and make a mockery of the dignity of this courtroom,’ Cannon told him.

Federal prosecutors opened their case against Routh on Thursday, telling the 12 jurors he had come ‘within seconds’ of assassinating Trump during a round of golf in West Palm Beach last year.

Assistant U.S. Attorney John Shipley read Routh’s own words to the jury — ‘Trump cannot be elected’ and ‘I need Trump to go away’ — before laying out what he described as a ‘deadly serious’ plan to kill a major presidential candidate.

Shipley said Routh had traveled from Hawaii to the mainland with a Chinese military-grade assault rifle, 20 rounds of ammunition, 10 burner phones, three aliases, stolen license plates and ‘a trail of lies from Honolulu to Florida.’

Jurors then heard from Special Agent Robert Fercano, who testified he was five feet away when he saw Routh’s face and the barrel of a rifle pointing directly at him on the sixth hole of Trump International Golf Course. ‘

‘This appeared to be a textbook ambush scenario,’ he told the jury, describing how he fired while walking backward to cover. Prosecutors showed the Chinese-made SKS rifle and played Fercano’s radio calls, where ‘shots fired, shots fired, shots fired’ could be heard.

Routh, representing himself, opened his cross-examination with: ‘Good to see ya. First question, is it good to be alive?’ Fercano replied, ‘Yes, it is good to be alive.’ The agent repeatedly identified Routh as the man who smiled at him from the bushes.

Later, jurors heard from Tommy McGee, a mental health professional who testified he saw a frantic man running from the golf course and later helped authorities track down Routh’s black Nissan Xterra. McGee identified Routh in court and in video shown to the jury. Routh’s cross-examination drew objections after he asked McGee if he supported Trump and whether ‘Madea, Beyoncé and Michelle Obama will be mad’ if he did.

Additional agents who testified described recovering the rifle and other gear, and processing Routh after his arrest. One FBI agent displayed the clothing Routh allegedly wore the day he was captured, along with a debit card in his name.

Routh’s questions grew increasingly odd as the afternoon wore on — at one point asking an agent whether ‘someone who loses things’ might drill a hole in a debit card to keep it on a key ring.

Routh has pleaded not guilty to federal charges of attempting to assassinate a major presidential candidate and assaulting a federal officer. Prosecutors say he had been armed with an AK-style rifle when Secret Service agents stopped him near Trump’s golf course in West Palm Beach in September 2024. The attempt came just months after Trump had been shot and narrowly survived an assassination attempt in Butler, Pennsylvania.

The trial resumes Friday morning in Fort Pierce federal court.

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U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on Thursday that the U.S. would respond after former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro was convicted of plotting a coup to remain in power after his loss in the 2022 election, although the secretary did not go into detail about what a U.S. response would look like.

‘The political persecutions by sanctioned human rights abuser Alexandre de Moraes continue, as he and others on Brazil’s supreme court have unjustly ruled to imprison former President Jair Bolsonaro,’ Rubio wrote on X.

‘The United States will respond accordingly to this witch hunt,’ he continued.

Brazil’s Foreign Ministry argued that Rubio’s comment represented a threat that ‘attacks Brazilian authority and ignores the facts and the compelling evidence in the records.’

The ministry said Brazilian democracy would not be intimidated by the U.S. government.

Bolsonaro was sentenced to 27 years and three months in prison when he was convicted by the country’s Supreme Court on Thursday on charges of plotting a coup to stop President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva from taking office in January 2023.

The former Brazilian leader was a close ally of U.S. President Donald Trump during the first Trump administration.

‘Well, I watched that trial. I know him pretty well. I thought he was a good president of Brazil, and it’s very surprising that could happen very much like they tried to do with me, but they didn’t get away with it at all,’ Trump told reporters, noting the legal cases against the U.S. president in recent years at the state and federal level, which included his conviction in New York.

‘But I can always say this: I knew him as president of Brazil. He was a good man,’ he added.

Trump has criticized the Brazilian judicial system and threatened tariffs on the country for its case against Bolsonaro.

In July, the U.S. president placed 50% tariffs on most Brazilian goods in response to a ‘witch hunt’ against Bolsonaro. He later exempted some Brazilian exports, including passenger vehicles and numerous parts and components used in civil aircraft.

Brazilian Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes, his unspecified allies on the court and his immediate family members will face visa revocations, according to Rubio, who criticized what he called a ‘political witch hunt’ against the former president.

That same month, Rubio announced visa revocations on Brazilian Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes, who presided over Bolsonaro’s criminal case, and his unspecified allies on the court after the court issued search warrants and restraining orders against Bolsonaro.

The U.S. Treasury Department had also sanctioned the judge over allegations of authorizing arbitrary pre-trial detentions and suppressing freedom of expression.

Bolsonaro’s son, Brazilian Congressman Eduardo Bolsonaro, said he anticipates additional U.S. sanctions against Brazilian justices following his father’s conviction.

‘We are going to have a firm response with actions from the U.S. government against this dictatorship that is being installed in Brazil,’ he told Reuters on Thursday.

He warned that justices who voted to convict the former president could face sanctions under the Magnitsky Act, which was previously used by the Trump administration against de Moraes.

‘If these Supreme Court justices keep following Moraes, they also run the risk of facing the same sanction,’ he said.

Reuters contributed to this report.

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Former White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre is appearing before the House Oversight Committee on Friday for a high-profile interview on whether senior staffers worked to obscure signs of mental decline in then-President Joe Biden.

Jean-Pierre is one of the highest-profile figures so far to appear before the committee, having been the most public-facing spokesperson for Biden from May 2022 until the end of his term.

The longtime Democrat-turned-Independent did not speak to reporters on her way into her closed-door transcribed interview with House investigators, which is scheduled to begin at 10 a.m. and is likely to last into the afternoon.

House Oversight Committee Chair James Comer, R-Ky., is investigating whether there was a cover-up of Biden’s mental and physical state in the White House, and whether any executive actions were approved via autopen without the then-president’s full awareness.

Of particular interest to committee investigators are the myriad clemency orders Biden signed, including about 2,500 toward the end of his presidency that were executed via autopen.

Biden himself told The New York Times recently that he made every clemency decision on his own. His allies have also blasted the Republican-led probe as a partisan exercise.

Jean-Pierre was among those who publicly defended Biden in the wake of his disastrous June 2024 debate against then-candidate Donald Trump. She told reporters at a press briefing in early July that Biden was ‘as sharp as ever.’

But unlike other ex-Biden administration aides who have appeared ahead of her – many of whom still hold close ties and fierce loyalty to Biden – Jean-Pierre had a very public falling out with their world earlier this year.

In June, Jean-Pierre announced she was writing a book titled ‘Independent: A Look Inside a Broken White House, Outside the Party Lines.’

She also announced she was leaving the Democratic Party in a press release for that book, expected in October 2025.

A summary for her book suggests it is about ‘the three weeks that led to Biden’s abandonment of his bid for a second term and the betrayal by the Democratic Party that led to his decision.’

The announcement was reportedly met with scorn by others in Biden’s orbit.

‘The hubris of thinking you can position yourself as an outsider when you not only have enjoyed the perks of extreme proximity to power — which…bestows the name recognition needed to sell books off your name — but have actively wielded it from the biggest pulpit there is, is as breathtaking as it is desperate,’ one former official told Axios.

Another person told the outlet she ‘was one of the most ineffectual and unprepared people I’ve ever worked with.’

Comer sent a letter to Jean-Pierre in late June asking her to appear for an interview, in which he pointed out she was ‘a trusted inner-circle confidante’ and ‘near the president daily.’

‘Your assertion, on multiple occasions, that President Biden’s decline was attributable to such tactics as ‘cheap fakes’ or ‘misinformation’ cannot go without investigation. If White House staff carried out a strategy lasting months or even years to hide the chief executive’s condition — or to perform his duties — Congress may need to consider a legislative response,’ Comer wrote.

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After the assassination of conservative commentator Charlie Kirk sent shockwaves through the political landscape this week, Fox News Digital spoke to several high-profile conservative speakers about the future of the movement and the influence Kirk’s legacy and style will have on it. 

‘Conservatives will not be silenced,’ Heather Mac Donald, Thomas W. Smith Fellow at the Manhattan Institute and a contributing editor of City Journal, told Fox News Digital, adding that Kirk ‘would not have been silenced’ so conservatives should ’emulate his courage.’

Columnist and commentator Bethany Mandel told Fox News Digital that Kirk’s assassination was ‘absolutely an effort to try to silence conservatives’ and that ‘we have to resist the temptation to allow that.’

‘We need to keep speaking out and double down on not only Charlie’s message, but his methodology,’ Mandel said.

Kirk was assassinated on Wednesday while speaking to thousands of students at Utah Valley University when a gunman positioned on a nearby roof fired a single shot, striking Kirk in the neck.

Kirk was rushed to Timpanogos Regional Hospital, where he was pronounced dead, prompting an outpouring of support from conservatives across the globe, including President Trump who called the killing a ‘dark moment for America.’

On Friday, authorities announced that they had arrested a suspect, 22-year-old Utah resident Tyler Robinson.

‘Charlie Kirk was a good man,’ John Ashbrook, co-host of the conservative podcast Ruthless, told Fox News Digital. ‘And his legacy will endure because none of us will ever forget his leadership nor the voice he provided for millions of regular people across this country.’

Mac Donald told Fox News Digital that it is ‘hard to imagine’ Kirk was killed for ‘any other reason than that he was breaking the stranglehold of anti-Western ideology on college campuses and beyond.’

‘It was sadly fitting that he was killed at a college campus, and not even one known for its leftward leanings, since colleges are the seed bed of modern day speech suppression and the false equations that political contrarian speech = hate speech and that hate speech may be snuffed out—apparently by any means necessary,’ Mac Donald said. 

‘The killer apparently agreed with those would-be censorers.  The self-centeredness and historical and moral ignorance of coddled American students has bloomed into something more pernicious, as the beatification of Luigi Mangione already showed.’

Going forward, in terms of security at events for prominent conservative speakers, Mandel called on campuses and cities that ‘claim to care about the future of America and civil discourse’ to step up and ‘ensure adequate security.’

‘We should not have to pay tax in the form of security in order to safely share our political opinions,’ Mandel told Fox News Digital. 

Conservatives have rallied around Kirk’s style of speaking out publicly and exchanging ideas with those who disagree, including prominent influencer Ben Shapiro who wrote on X that ‘we will never stop debating and discussing.’

‘We will never stop standing up for what America is and what she should be,’ Shapiro said, adding that he intends to continue speaking at colleges across the country despite the inherent dangers. 

Mac Donald told Fox News Digital, ‘It is a cliché and self-serving to say: they fear us because we are winning, but presumably, there is less of a perceived need to efface someone who is losing a cause anyway. Kirk was feared because he was winning.’

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The rifle that federal investigators believe was used in the shooting that killed conservative activist Charlie Kirk contained ammunition inscribed with anti-fascist messaging, shedding light on the suspect’s motive.

Utah Gov. Spencer Cox confirmed the messaging at a news conference Friday, saying investigators discovered inscriptions on casings found with a bolt-action rifle near the Utah Valley University campus, where Kirk was killed during an event.

One used casing and three unused casings contained the writings, Cox said.

News of the ammunition inscriptions was first shared on social media Thursday morning in a preliminary bulletin attributed to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. 

According to the bulletin, circulated on X by political commentator Steven Crowder, federal officials recovered a .30-06 caliber Mauser rifle in the woods that contained ‘engravings,’ including messaging expressing anti-fascist ideology and other messages.

Fox News Digital confirmed the veracity of the ATF bulletin through talking to multiple sources, but the sources stressed on Thursday that the information was preliminary.

The information about the firearm surfaced nearly 24 hours after Kirk, 31, was shot and killed during a speaking engagement in Utah. Both his graphic death and the scant public information revealed in the early hours of the investigation into his killing left the nation reeling and revived heated debate about political violence in the U.S.

Law enforcement officials worked frantically in the aftermath of Kirk’s death to track down and arrest the gunman, who they announced Friday was Tyler Robinson, a 22-year-old Utah man.

Cox on Friday called the shooting a ‘political assassination.’

‘This is certainly about the tragic death, assassination, political assassination of Charlie Kirk, but it is also much bigger than an attack on an individual,’ Cox said. ‘It is an attack on all of us. It is an attack on the American experiment.’

FBI Director Kash Patel laid out the timeline of the investigation Friday, saying it took the FBI and Utah law enforcement 33 hours to make an arrest. Patel said authorities made ‘historic progress’ in such a short duration of time.

The FBI’s Salt Lake City Field Office released an image Thursday of a man they had said was a ‘person of interest’ in Kirk’s death and asked the public for help identifying him. The bureau also announced it was offering a $100,000 reward for information leading to his capture. Cox said a tip from a family friend of Robinson’s led to his arrest.

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News Release Highlights:

  • Homerun has now secured ownership and supply agreements covering the entire Santa Maria Eterna Silica Sand District.
  • The new Pedreiras concession is fully permitted with a low royalty rate of R$ 30.17 per extracted tonne.
  • The Pedreiras concessions have been drilled to a depth of 8 metres with a 32 million tonne resource filed at the Agência Nacional de Mineração (ANM).
  • The Company’s target resource under the three CBPM Lease acquisitions now exceeds 200 million tonnes.

Homerun Resources Inc. (TSXV: HMR,OTC:HMRFF) (OTCQB: HMRFF) (‘Homerun’ or the ‘Company’) is pleased to announce it has signed a binding Letter of Intent (LOI) with Pedreiras do Brasil S.A. (‘Pedreiras’) a company controlled by Vitoria Stone, dated September 10, 2025, securing the rights to exploit the Pedreiras mining tenement (871.7212021, 246.36 hectares) at the Santa Maria Eterna Silica Sand District in the municipality of Belmonte, Bahia, Brazil, granted under a lease agreement with Companhia Bahiana de Pesquisa Mineral (CBPM).

This LOI enables Homerun to acquire all exploitation rights and obligations currently held by Pedreiras under the CBPM Lease, on a measured resource of 32 million tonnes (auger drilled to 8 metres) filed at the ANM and is fully permitted with a royalty payment to CBPM of R$30.17 per extracted tonne. (the ‘Acquisition’).

This is now the third CBPM lease acquisition by Homerun marking a significant step in the continuing strategic plan to consolidate control over the Santa Maria Eterna Silica Sand District. By controlling the district, Homerun secures uninterrupted access to a unique large-tonnage high-purity silica sand district, solidifying supply chains, enabling a competitive advantage in vertical integration, achieving pricing power and removing market competition. It also strengthens Homerun’s position when seeking funding or strategic partners as the Company can offer certainty of secure long-life supply and scale. The Company’s target resource over the areas of the three acquisitions now exceeds 200 million tonnes, including a current NI 43-101 mineral resource estimate of 63 million tonnes. This strategic consolidation has been achieved for total capital outlay of US$2.1 million, a fraction of the implied value based on the US$150 per tonne transfer price for the planned primary use-case in the Company’s Solar Glass Manufacturing facility which is being built next to these resources.

Brian Leeners, CEO of Homerun stated, ‘This marks a major milestone for Homerun. With district control we are positioned to unlock the full potential of Santa Maria Eterna. Our team has delivered this consolidation with minimal capital, laying the foundation for significant value creation as we advance towards production. We want to thank our management team for this effort in strategically building significant asset value for Homerun and its shareholders.’

The transaction will be settled with US$1,200,000 in Homerun common shares (valued at CA$1.00 per share) and US$200,000 in share purchase warrants (exercisable at CA$1.00 per share). The issuance of the Homerun common shares and warrants will be subject to standard director, shareholder and regulatory approvals and specifically the approval of the TSX Venture Exchange. The Homerun common shares issued under the terms of this agreement will be subject to a standard 4-Month statutory hold period. Pedreiras agrees to contact Homerun regarding the sale of any Homerun common shares and also agrees to limit the sale of the Homerun common shares in any given month to 100,000 if required to sell.

Figure 1: location of existing Homerun controlled claims via CBPM Lease Agreement (red and blue) and the new claims under the Pedreiras Agreement (in black).

To view an enhanced version of this graphic, please visit:
https://images.newsfilecorp.com/files/4082/266168_b188dd55f4d37bab_001full.jpg

About Homerun (www.homerunresources.com)

Homerun (TSXV: HMR,OTC:HMRFF) is a vertically integrated materials leader revolutionizing green energy solutions through advanced silica technologies. As an emerging force outside of China for high-purity quartz (HPQ) silica innovation, the Company controls the full industrial vertical from raw material extraction to cutting-edge solar, battery and energy storage solutions. Our dual-engine vertical integration strategy combines:

Homerun Advanced Materials

  • Utilizing Homerun’s robust supply of high purity silica sand and quartz silica materials to facilitate domestic and international sales of processed silica through the development of a 120,000 tpy processing plant.
  • Pioneering zero-waste thermoelectric purification and advanced materials processing technologies with University of California – Davis.

Homerun Energy Solutions

  • Building Latin America’s first dedicated high-efficiency, 365,000 tpy solar glass manufacturing facility and pioneering new solar technologies based on years of experience as an industry leader in developing photovoltaic technologies with a specialization in perovskite photovoltaics.
  • European leader in the marketing, distribution and sales of alternative energy solutions into the commercial and industrial segments (B2B).
  • Commercializing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Energy Management and Control System Solutions (hardware and software) for energy capture, energy storage and efficient energy use.
  • Partnering with U.S. Dept. of Energy/NREL on the development of the Enduring long-duration energy storage system utilizing the Company’s high-purity silica sand for industrial heat and electricity arbitrage and complementary silica purification.

With multiple profit centers built within the vertical strategy and all gaining economic advantage utilizing the Company’s HPQ silica, across, solar, battery and energy storage solutions, Homerun is positioned to capitalize on high-growth global energy transition markets. The 3-phase development plan has achieved all key milestones in a timely manner, including government partnerships, scalable logistical market access, and breakthrough IP in advanced materials processing and energy solutions.

Homerun maintains an uncompromising commitment to ESG principles, deploying the cleanest and most sustainable production technologies across all operations while benefiting the people in the communities where the Company operates. As we advance revenue generation and vertical integration in 2025, the Company continues to deliver shareholder value through strategic execution within the unstoppable global energy transition.

On behalf of the Board of Directors of
Homerun Resources Inc.

‘Brian Leeners’

Brian Leeners, CEO & Director
brianleeners@gmail.com / +1 604-862-4184 (WhatsApp)

Tyler Muir, Investor Relations
info@homerunresources.com / +1 306-690-8886 (WhatsApp)

FOR THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS RELEASE

The information contained herein contains ‘forward-looking statements’ within the meaning of applicable securities legislation. Forward-looking statements relate to information that is based on assumptions of management, forecasts of future results, and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. Any statements that express predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not statements of historical fact and may be ‘forward-looking statements’.

Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

To view the source version of this press release, please visit https://www.newsfilecorp.com/release/266168

News Provided by Newsfile via QuoteMedia

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Hamak Gold Limited (LSE: HAMA / OTCQB: HASTF), a company combining traditional gold exploration in West Africa with a Digital Asset Treasury Management strategy, is pleased to announce that the Company’s shares have been admitted to trading on the OTC Venture Market (‘OTCQB’) in the United States, under the symbol ‘HASTF’. No new Ordinary Shares have been issued by the Company for this parallel trading of its shares.

The purpose of the listing of shares on the OTCQB is to broaden the Company’s exposure to the North American investor markets and to increase trading liquidity in a drive to deliver shareholder value.

The OTCQB is a middle-tier market for entrepreneurial and development U.S. and International companies, and is recognised by the Securities and Exchange Commission (‘SEC’) as an established public market.

Nick Thurlow, Executive Chairman of Hamak Gold, commented:

‘We are pleased to announce approval from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority for Hamak to list on the OTCQB market. This is an important first step in a larger U.S. strategy designed to widen the investor base for Hamak.’

For further information you are invited to view the Company’s website at www.hamakgold.com or please contact:

Hamak Gold Limited

Nick Thurlow

Karl Smithson

n.thurlow@hamakgold.com

k.smithson@hamakgold.com

Peterhouse Capital Limited (Corporate Broker)

Yellow Jersey PR

Annabelle Wills

+44 (0) 20 7469 0930

+44 (0) 20 3004 9512

About Hamak Gold Limited

Hamak Gold Limited (LSE: HAMA) is a UK listed company focussed on gold exploration in Africa and with a strategy of pursuing a BTC/ crypto treasury management policy. Through its LSE main board listing investors underweight crypto can get professional exposure to this asset class.

Important Notice

The Company maintains some of its treasury reserves and surplus cash in Bitcoin, a form of cryptocurrency. The Company is not authorised or regulated by The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and Bitcoin investments are generally not subject to regulaton by the FCA or otherwise in the United Kingdom. Neither the Company nor investors in the Company’s shares are protected by the UK’s Financial Ombudsman Service or the Financial Services Compensation Scheme.

However the FCA considers Bitcoin investments to be high-risk. The value of Bitcoin can go up as well as down, leading to fluctuations in the value of the Company’s Bitcoin holdings, and the Company may not be able to realise its Bitcoin holdings for the same amount it paid to acquire them, or even for the value the Company currently attributes to its Bitcoin positions.

The Company’s Board of Directors have identified the following risks in relation to the holding of Bitcoin, which are not exhaustive:

  • The value of Bitcoin can be highly volatile, with its value falling as quickly as it rises. Investors in Bitcoin must be prepared to lose all money invested.
  • The Bitcoin market is largely unregulated. There is a risk of losing money due to factors such as cyber-attacks, financial crime, and counterparty failure.
  • The Company may not be able to sell its Bitcoin at will. The ability to sell Bitcoin depends on various factors, including the supply and demand in the market at the relevant time. Operational failings such as technology outages, cyber-attacks, and comingling of funds could cause unwanted delays.
  • Cryptoassets carry a perception of fraud, money laundering, and financial crime.

An investment in the Company is not an investment in Bitcoin itself, but prospective investors in the Company are encouraged to conduct their own research before investing and should be aware that they will have indirect exposure to the high-risk nature of cryptoassets, including their volatility, and could therefore sustain large or total losses of their investment.

Source

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Decentralized finance (DeFi) is a revolutionary shift in the financial landscape, offering a blockchain-based system that facilitates transactions without relying on traditional intermediaries like banks or brokerages.

While the DeFi sector experienced a challenging period through 2022 and early 2023, the latter half of 2023 saw a significant resurgence. This growth was largely fueled by the anticipation and eventual approval of spot crypto exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in the US, signaling a pivotal moment for digital assets.

These moves were a major step toward blending digital assets with traditional financial products, a transition that has been further driven by the increasing maturation and institutionalization of the crypto ecosystem.

This is evident in the development of other products and services, such as:

  • Tokenization
  • Liquid staking
  • Derivatives and futures

DeFi has now moved beyond retail users, integrating further with traditional finance as institutions begin to incorporate DeFi protocols into their operations. The DeFi world moves at an exceptionally fast pace, with new technologies and platforms constantly emerging, making it a complex and confusing space for investors to navigate.

This guide explains how these key technologies and others are shaping the evolving DeFi landscape.

What are decentralized exchanges?

Decentralized exchanges, known as DEXs, facilitate the direct trading of cryptocurrencies between users through smart contracts, eliminating the need for a central authority.

These platforms allow users to maintain control of their assets throughout the trading process. A few popular DEXs include Uniswap, PancakeSwap and dYdX.

What is DeFi asset management?

DeFi asset management services aim to make investing simpler and more accessible.

They often use automated strategies to maximize yield without the need for constant monitoring. Some examples include Galaxy Asset Management and Maple Finance.

These systems are non-custodial, meaning users don’t have to give up their private keys or transfer their funds. An example is Yearn Finance, which automates yield-farming strategies to optimize returns.

What are yield farming and staking?

Yield farming allows users to earn rewards by providing liquidity to a protocol. This is done by depositing cryptocurrencies into a liquidity pool; in return, the user receives a portion of the trading fees.

Staking involves locking up assets to help secure and run a blockchain in exchange for rewards.

Liquid staking is a newer technology where users stake their crypto, but receive a liquid staking token (LST) in return that can be used elsewhere in DeFi while their original assets are locked. Liquid Collective’s Liquid Staked SOL (LsSOL) on the Solana network is an example of this. Another is JitoSOL, an LST by Jito Network.

Asset manager VanEck has filed an S-1 registration with the SEC to launch an ETF tracking JitoSOL.

Alongside DeFi-native staking options, centralized exchanges like Kraken make staking easy for users who want a simple, custodial experience, and they increasingly offer access to LSTs and expanded staking products.

How do DeFi lending and borrowing protocols work?

Lending and borrowing platforms enable users to lend their crypto assets and earn interest, or borrow assets by providing collateral. Unlike traditional loans, DeFi lending protocols often require borrowers to over-collateralize their loans. Interest rates are typically set by the supply and demand on the platform through an algorithm.

Examples of lending platforms include Aave, Compound and MakerDAO.

Aave is available on multiple blockchains, including Ethereum, Avalanche and Aptos, making it one of the most accessible and innovative lending protocols in DeFi today.

What is DeFi infrastructure?

The DeFi space includes firms that provide the foundational technology and tools for building and using DeFi.

Circle, the issuer of the USDC stablecoin, is partnering with Fireblocks to launch a new blockchain called Arc, which is tailored for businesses and optimized for stablecoins. Meanwhile, Coinbase Global (NASDAQ:COIN), a major crypto exchange, has launched a new app called Base, which combines a crypto wallet, trading, payments and social media. Coinbase also plans to launch nano perpetual futures for SOL and XRP in the US.

To boost its stablecoin payment services, Ripple plans to acquire a stablecoin payments platform called Rail.

What are stablecoins?

Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies designed to minimize price volatility by pegging their value to a stable asset, like the US dollar. There are different types of stablecoins, including:

  • Fiat-collateralized stablecoins, which are backed by reserves held in traditional currencies.
  • Crypto-collateralized stablecoins, which are backed by other cryptocurrencies.
  • Algorithmic stablecoins, which use algorithms to maintain their peg without direct collateral.

Examples include Tether (USDT), Circle Internet Group’s (NYSE:CRCL) USD Coin (USDC) and Dai (DAI). Coinbase, Kraken and Gemini are well-known platforms for trading stablecoins and other cryptocurrencies.

Additionally, MetaMask, a self-custodial crypto wallet, is set to launch its own stablecoin, MetaMask USD (mUSD), which will be issued by Bridge and powered by M0 liquidity.

What is tokenization?

DeFi platforms translate real-world assets, such as real estate or stocks, into digital tokens on a blockchain. This makes these assets accessible on-chain, effectively bridging traditional finance and DeFi.

There are several companies and platforms at the forefront of this trend.

JPMorgan Chase (NYSE:JPM) has a tokenized debt platform, Kinexys, that allows clients to trade and settle tokenized debt instruments, a service that State Street has also joined.

Additionally, Backed Finance recently partnered with Kraken to expand its xStocks product, which tokenizes stocks, to the Tron blockchain. Meanwhile, S&P Dow Jones Indices is reportedly in talks to license and list tokenized versions of its benchmarks with exchanges, custodians and DeFi protocols.

Ethereum and Solana have a major role in the tokenization movement too.

Ethereum is favored by institutions for its smart contracts. DBS Group Holdings (SGX:D05), a major financial institution, recently announced plans to launch tokenized structured notes on the Ethereum blockchain, while eToro Group (NASDAQ:ETOR) has plans to launch tokenized versions of US-listed stocks on the same network.

For its part, Solana was recently selected by Galaxy Digital (NASDAQ:GLXY) and Superstate for the launch of GLXY, a tokenized public share.

What are blockchain oracles?

These services connect smart contracts to real-world data, enabling them to execute based on off-chain information. Chainlink is one prominent blockchain oracle. Recently, it partnered with Intercontinental Exchange to bring foreign exchange and precious metals data on-chain. Chainlink also has its own on-chain treasury vehicle, Chainlink Reserve, which can support staking rewards and development funding.

What are perpetual futures?

Perpetual futures, known as perps, are derivatives contracts that allow traders to speculate on the price of an asset without an expiration date. They are a high-risk financial instrument that uses leverage to amplify gains or losses.

Coinbase has a derivatives arm, Coinbase Financial Markets, that launched US perps on July 21, 2025. On September 22, Coinbase Derivatives will expand its product suite with the launch of equity index futures.

Coinbase acquired Deribit, the largest platform for trading Bitcoin options and the world’s leading crypto options exchange by volume and open interest, in a US$2.9 billion deal in May 2025.

Kraken also offers US-compliant perps.

Investor takeaway

As DeFi continues to mature and attract interest from traditional financial institutions, its integration with conventional finance is accelerating. With ongoing advancements, DeFi is set to redefine how financial transactions are conducted, making it a pivotal area to watch in the future of finance.

Securities Disclosure: I, Meagen Seatter, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

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Barrick Mining (TSX:ABX,NYSE:B) has agreed to sell its Hemlo gold mine in Ontario for up to US$1.09 billion, transferring one of Canada’s most storied gold operations to a new owner and marking Barrick’s shift away from non-core assets.

The Toronto-based company announced Thursday (September 11) that Carcetti Capital (TSXV:CART.H,LSE:ORUG), which will be renamed Hemlo Mining (HMC), will acquire the mine under terms that include US$875 million in cash, US$50 million in HMC shares, and as much as US$165 million in contingent payments tied to future gold prices and production.

Barrick president and chief executive Mark Bristow said that the sale is part of the company’s ongoing capital allocation approach, noting that proceeds will help bolster the company’s balance sheet and fund returns to shareholders.

“The sale of Hemlo at an attractive valuation marks the close of Barrick’s long and successful chapter at the mine and underscores our disciplined focus on building value through our Tier One gold and copper portfolio,” Bristow said.

Hemlo, located near Marathon, Ontario, has produced more than 25 million ounces of gold over three decades of continuous operation.

Once hailed as a cornerstone of Canadian gold production, the mine transitioned from open-pit to underground operations in 2020. Its future will now rest with HMC, a vehicle backed by a group of well-known industry investors and leaders.

The incoming HMC board will include Robert Quartermain, founder of Pretium Resources (TSX:PVG) and former CEO of SSR Mining Inc. (NASDAQ:SSRM,TSX:SSRM), who played a key role in the original discovery of Hemlo while at Teck Resources (TSX:TECK.B,NYSE:TECK,OTC:TCKRF).

The company will also be led by Jason Kosec, named incoming CEO, and supported by a consortium that includes Wheaton Precious Metals (TSX:WPM,NYSE:WPM) and Orion Mine Finance.

To finance the acquisition, HMC has secured a US$1 billion package comprised of US$400 million in gold streaming from Wheaton, US$415 million in equity, and US$200 million in debt. Wheaton will also take up to US$50 million of the equity raise.

“Hemlo offers a unique opportunity to add immediate, accretive gold ounces from a politically stable jurisdiction, backed by a long history of production and a capable operating team,” Wheaton CEO Randy Smallwood said in a company press release.

Under the streaming agreement, Wheaton will initially purchase 13.5 percent of Hemlo’s payable gold until 181,000 ounces are delivered, after which the rate will fall to 9 percent for another 157,330 ounces, and then to 6 percent for the remainder of the mine’s life.

Wheaton’s attributable production is expected to average around 20,000 ounces annually for the first decade and more than 17,000 ounces annually over the life of mine, which is forecast to extend for at least 14 years.

For Barrick, the sale continues a multi-year effort to trim smaller, less profitable operations in favor of large, long-life assets that meet its “Tier One” criteria.

Earlier this year, the company also divested its stakes in Donlin and Alturas, bringing expected gross proceeds from non-core asset sales in 2025 to more than US$2 billion.

While Barrick emphasized that Canada remains an important exploration jurisdiction, the Hemlo deal effectively ends its role as a mine operator in its home country.

Reports of a potential sale had circulated since mid-2024, spurring rumors that Barrick was in advanced talks with Discovery Silver (TSX:DSV,OTCQX:DSVSF) to divest Hemlo.

While those discussions did not result in a deal, Thursday’s announcement confirms the company’s intent to fully exit the Canadian mining landscape.

Securities Disclosure: I, Giann Liguid, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

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Here’s a quick recap of the crypto landscape for Friday (September 12) as of 9:00 a.m. UTC.

Get the latest insights on Bitcoin, Ethereum and altcoins, along with a round-up of key cryptocurrency market news.

Bitcoin and Ethereum price update

Bitcoin (BTC) was priced at US$114,941, a 1 percent increase in 24 hours. Its highest valuation of the day was US$116,309, and its lowest was US$113,802.

Bitcoin price performance, September 12, 2025.

Chart via TradingView.

Ether (ETH) was priced at US$4,521.17, an increase of 2.5 percent over the past 24 hours. Its highest valuation on Friday was US$4,558.54, and its lowest was US$4,400.20.

Altcoin price update

  • Solana (SOL) was priced at US$239.78, an increase of 5.3 percent over the last 24 hours. Its highest valuation on Friday was US$239.83, and its lowest level was US$225.74.
  • XRP was trading for US$3.04, up by 1.2 percent in the past 24 hours. Its highest valuation of the day was US$3.07, and its lowest valuation was US$2.99.
  • SUI (Sui) was valued at US$3.63, up by 0.4 percent in the past 24 hours. Its highest price on Friday was US$3.69 and its lowest was US$.358.
  • Cardano (ADA) was priced at US$0.8895, up by 1.1 percent over 24 hours. Its highest valuation on Friday was US$0.9064, and its lowest was US$0.8743.

Today’s crypto news to know

US Bitcoin ETFs extend inflow streak, adding US$550 Million

Spot Bitcoin ETFs in the U.S. attracted US$552.78 million in net inflows on Thursday, their fourth consecutive day of investor demand.

According to data from SoSoValue, it is the longest run Bitcoin has been on since late August, when inflows coincided with bitcoin’s climb to a record high above US$123,000.

Wednesday’s (September 10) US$757.14 million intake was also the biggest single-day gain since July, heralding renewed appetite for crypto-backed products.

In addition to the upsurge, Ether ETFs have also returned to positive territory after a six-day losing streak drained more than US$1 billion.

Analysts tie the flows to expectations of a Federal Reserve rate cut on September 17, which could boost risk assets across the board. Bitcoin has gained 3.2 percent over three days to trade above US$115,000, while Ether is up about 5 percent at US$4,500.

Dormant Bitcoin whale resurfaces after 13 years

A long-silent bitcoin wallet holding 444.81 BTC, worth over US$50 million, has suddenly sprung to life after 13 years of inactivity.

On September 11, blockchain monitors flagged transfers of 132.03 BTC to a new address and 5 BTC to Kraken, sparking speculation about the motives behind the move.

The wallet had been inactive for 13 years, raising questions among investors about whether the original owner has regained access or if coins have changed hands.

Historically, dormant wallets often capture market attention as their moves can precede larger sales or signal shifting long-term sentiment.

The timing also comes amid Bitcoin’s latest rally above US$115,000, but so far, the whale’s remaining holdings remain untouched.

Gemini prices IPO at US$28, set to trade on Nasdaq

Gemini (NASDAQ:GEMI), the exchange founded by Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss, has priced its initial public offering at US$28 per share, above earlier expectations.

The stock will begin trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker “GEMI”, marking one of the year’s most closely watched crypto debuts. Strong investor demand pushed the price well past the originally targeted US$17 to US$19 range, with underwriters holding an option to buy extra shares.

The company won’t directly benefit from secondary sales, though the deal signals strong interest in public crypto firms.

Gemini reported US$142.2 million in revenue last year, with nearly 70 percent coming from trading fees, but also posted widening losses that hit US$282.5 million in the first half of 2025.

Despite its IPO success, the company faces lingering scrutiny, having settled a US$5 million CFTC case in January over alleged misstatements tied to Bitcoin futures.

Securities Disclosure: I, Giann Liguid, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

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